Python can even process complex algorithms in a single line of code. Almost every programming language supports if-else statements such as Python, C++, etc. If-else statements also known as conditional statements are used in decision-making problems. They are like flow charts that control the flow of a program.
How To Use If-Else Statements?
The below-given code utilizes the one-line “if statement” that will check if the given number lies in the given range; if yes then it will print the given number:
if 60 in range(150): print("60")The output of the above code is as follows:
One Line If-Else Statement Using Ternary Operator
With the use of a ternary operator, we are able to write if-else statements in one line. A ternary operator in Python is one that allows us to select one value among several choices based on multiple conditions.
Example 1: Traditional If Else Statement
Here is an illustration of an if-else statement without the use of a ternary operator.
if "Smith" in "My name is John Smith":
x = "Smith"
else:
x = "Joseph"
print(x)The output of the above code is as follows:
Example 2: One line If-Then-Else Statement
We will now execute the previously mentioned example using a ternary operator:
x = "Smith" if "Smith" in "My name is John Smith" else "Joseph"
print(x)It can be seen that in the above code:
- We have assigned a value Smith to variable x.
- If the condition “if Smith in My Name is John Smith” is true, it will print Smith.
- Otherwise, if the condition is false, the name “Joseph” will be assigned to x.
The output is as follows:
As the given condition is true, it has printed Smith. Let’s see another example:
grade = 79
x = 'Oops! You failed' if grade < 50 else 'Congratulations!, you passed'
print(x)It can be seen in the above code
- We have assigned a value 79 to the variable grade.
- If the condition “if grade <50” is true, it will print “Oops you failed”, and if the condition is false, it will print “Congratulations, you passed”.
As the given condition is false, it prints “Congratulations! You passed”
One-Line If-Elif Statement Using Ternary Operator
Additionally, we can use the ternary operator to write one-line if-elif statements as well.
age = 16
outcome = 'You are a Kid.' if age < 16 else 'Not sure...' if 16 <= age < 18 else 'Welcome'
print(outcome)In the above code:
- We have assigned a value of 16 to the variable age.
- If the condition age<16 is true, the code will print “You are a kid”.
- If the condition 16<= age <18 is true, the code will print “Not Sure”.
The output of the above code is as follows:
It can be seen that the second condition is true, hence it printed “Not sure”.
Advantages and Disadvantages of One-Line If-Then-Else Statements
We can create if-else statements in one line of code by utilizing the ternary operator. However, this approach has some advantages as well as disadvantages, as listed below:
Advantages:
- Compared to standard if-else statements, one-line if-else statements are concise.
- They make the code easier to read, especially when the conditions are simple.
Disadvantages:
- One-line if-else statements are more complex and difficult to read.
- For situations involving numerous conditions or nested if-else logic, they are not suitable.
Conclusion
Python if-else statements are conditional statements. By utilizing the ternary operator, We can create one-line if-else statements. A ternary operator in Python allows us to select one value among several choices based on multiple conditions. This article has described how to write if-then-else statements in one line in Python.